Objectives: This study aimed to explain faith and its semantic domain from Ibn Taymiyyah’ s (d. 728/1328) point of view. Method: The method used in this research was a combination of documentarylibrary and descriptive-analytical semantics. By referring to Ibn Taymiyyah’ s primary sources, the term faith was first studied, and then the relationship between faith and its other Companion and successor Concepts from Ibn Taymiyyah’ s point of view were extracted and analyzed semantically. Results and Conclusion: One of the findings of the present study was that contrary to the Wahhabis who claim to follow Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Taymiyyah’ s viewpoint had a lot of affinity with Shiite beliefs on the subject of faith. Proper explanation and promotion of Ibn Taymiyyah’ s viewpoint on the subject of faith can provide an important platform for the formation of discourse and interaction with Salafi-takfiri’ s fundamental groups.

Qur'an is a book that requires contemplation, and certainly the wise people have the most contribution. The Greek word "philosophy" has been translated into the word "wisdom" in ancient logical texts translated from Greek into Arabic, and the Arab has used the "philosophy" synonymously with "wisdom". Knowing things in the best way is called "wisdom". In this research, with a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on verses and hadiths, we achieved the following conclusions: The semantics of the word wisdom includes three dimensions of Companion words, substitute words and opposite words. From the Concepts mentioned in the verses with this word, the word wisdom can be known more comprehensively. Words such as goodness, thank and verbs such as Ita, education, etc. Substitute words refer to words that have a similar style to wisdom, such as intellect, Zi Hajar, Labb and thought. The word that is the opposite of wisdom is ignorance, and the knowledge of ignorance has a tremendous effect in achieving the premise of wisdom.

Silence and speaking to the point are among the themes which have long been considered throughout the vast instructive mystical literature. The importance and the standpoint of silence in the domain of Persian literature from the past till present have been to such an extent that it has determined the life and the death of individuals, and have entailed their welfare or damnation. Poet and the prominent literary figure of Hindi style (Isfahani), Sa’eb Tabrizi relying upon the ideas and mystical thoughts of Moulana regarding silence and its three kinds such as (silent tongue and speaking mind, silent tongue and mind, silent mind and speaking tongue) and upon making use of poetic imageries such as allegorical simile and allusion in his divan, appropriately called “Khamoushi Nameh” could well fulfill his mission as a poet and master towards his own people and future generations. This article deals with silence along with presenting evidence from other poets.

Postmodernism represents skepticism toward metanarratives and universal ideologies that dominated the modernist era. The study focuses on three key postmodernist Concepts - alternative assessment, process syllabi, and self-directed learning. Alternative assessment emphasizes evaluating the learning process over summative testing. Process syllabi focus on the learning experience rather than rigid outcomes. Self-directed learning enables student responsibility in setting learning goals and processes. This paper examined the effects of postmodernist educational Concepts on improving Iranian EFL learners’ autonomy. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was utilized with 60 intermediate level Iranian EFL students divided into an experimental and control group (n=30 each). The experimental group received instruction utilizing the three postmodernist Concepts over 14 weeks, while the control group received traditional modernist instruction. Autonomy was measured using a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention. The results showed the experimental group demonstrated significant increases in autonomy compared to the control group. Paired sample t-tests revealed significant differences between pre-test and post-test autonomy for the experimental group across all three postmodern Concepts - alternative assessment, process syllabi, and self-directed learning. This suggests postmodernist Concepts that decentralize instruction and emphasize student process over outcomes can enhance Iranian EFL learners’ self-direction and responsibility for language acquisition. The study implies EFL syllabus designers and instruction should transition to postmodern models centered on individualized assessment, flexible syllabi, and student-guided learning to boost autonomy. Further research can expand sample sizes and explore additional postmodernist Concepts across diverse demographics.

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Putra, Malasia..Approach in the management of a wound should proceed in a planned orderly manner. Attention to potentially life- threatening problems like injuries to central nervous system, injuries causing inadequate ventilation, severe bleeding, and inadequate circulation are mandatory in treating wound patients….

Macrorhabdosis, also known as Megabacteriosis, is a wasting disease in birds caused by the fungus Macrorhabdus ornithogaster. This study aimed to detect the fungus using PCR from the feces of birds showing clinical signs of infection, and to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the collected isolates. In this study, 54 positive samples were detected among the 300 suspicious birds referred to the wet smear method. Subsequently, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was employed for the final diagnosis. Positive samples were then subjected to PCR analysis using panfungal primers. For phylogenetic evaluation, 15 samples were sequenced, and the resulting sequences were compared with entries in the World GeneBank to assess their similarity and overlap. A total of 300 stool samples were subjected to analysis using the wet smear technique, of which 54 were found to be positive. Furthermore, 33 samples were identified as positive using the PCR method. Sequencing revealed the presence of M. ornithogaster in only two samples from lovebirds. Phylogenetic analysis showed an 86.76%-100% similarity between the isolates from budgerigars and finches and sequences recorded in the NCBI database. These findings highlight that PCR is an effective diagnostic tool for M. ornithogaster due to its speed, accuracy, and sensitivity.

The objective of this paper is to examine integral inequalities related to multiplicatively differentiable functions. Initially, we establish a novel identity using the two-point Newton-Cotes formula for multiplicatively differentiable functions. Using this identity, we derive Companion of Ostrowski's inequalities for multiplicatively differentiable convex mappings. The work also provides the results' applications.